► Desastre nuclear de Fukushima (XVIII)

RESUMEN DEL DÍA 11 de Septiembre del 2013

- Central nuclear de Fukushima
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FUGAS AGUA RADIACTIVA Y CONTAMINACIÓN MARINA

• 4,200,000 Bq/m3 de tritio en el agua subterránea de la zona de tanques de filtrado Fecha 10/sept/2013 4,200,000 Bq/m3 of Tritium from groundwater of leaked tank area | Fukushima Diary El día anterior, 9 /Sep/2013 se midieron 3,200,000 Bq/m3 al sur de la cisterna que tuvo una fuga de 300 m3 de agua contaminada: [Groundwater contamination] 3,200,000 Bq/m3 of all
• La fuga de Fukushima es mucho peor que lo que Japón está dejando ver, advierten expertos nucleares. Mycle Schneider, un consultor independiente que ha advertido previamente a los gobiernos francés y alemán, dijo que la situación de escalada es "mucho peor de lo que realmente sabemos." John Large, un ingeniero nuclear y consultor nuclear independiente, hizo hincapié en que el número bruto de informes contradictorios "volando alrededor" se deben a una dependencia de sólo dos fuentes de información - Tepco y el Gobierno japonés. "Esta información no sólo está en conflicto sino también es confusa, y me temo, poco fiable", dijo: Fukushima Leak Is Far Worse Than Japan Is Letting On, Nuclear Experts Warn


REACTORES

• La densidad del Cs-134/137 es 6 veces mayor en la sala de toro que en el interior de la vasija del reactor 2 (esto sugiere que el corium está fuera de la vasija)La densidad del Cesium-134/137 es 37000000000 Bq/m3 en el agua retenida en la sala de toro del reactor 2, y sólo es 6400000000 Bq/m3 en el agua retenida en la vasija del reactor2 (PCV), el 17% de la del toro (es una parte del sistema de refrigeración que rodea la vasija desde el exterior): [Where is the fuel ?] Cs-134/137 density is 6 times higher in torus room than inside of reactor2 vessel | Fukushima Diary
• Temores de que los núcleos de los reactores de Fukushima se hayan derretido y hayan "comido" el hormigón de las vasijas de contención: AFP: antiestéticars that Fukushima melted reactor cores have “eaten through” concrete of containment vessels — Tepco plan claims fuel to be removed at same time as 2020 Olympics in Tokyo
• Hiroaki Koide , profesor asociado de la Universidad de Kyoto Reactor de Investigación Instituto. " El problema del agua contaminada ha estado ocurriendo todo el tiempo ya que los reactores fueron destruidos. El agua contaminada se filtra en el océano desde entonces. " La noche del lunes, operador TEPCO dijo que era " probable " que fugas de los tanques de almacenamiento de agua altamente contaminada se hayan filtrado al subsuelo: Fukushima far from solved, say Abe

OTRAS NOTICIAS DE LA CENTRAL DE FUKUSHIMA:

• Reuters: Los niveles de radiación pico de tritio en la central nuclear de Fukushima son 15 veces más altos que el domingo en el mismo lugar, según datos de TEPCO . Los niveles de tritio en el agua tomada de un pozo cerca de varios tanques de almacenamiento se elevó a 64.000 Bq/l el martes. El domingo se midieron en el mismo lugar 4.200 Bq/l . Tepco aún quiere volcar agua radiactiva en el Pacífico. Dos enlaces: Tritium levels spike at stricken Fukushima nuclear plant | Reuters , Reuters: Radiation levels spike at Fukushima nuclear plant — 15 times higher than on Sunday at same location — Tepco still wants to dump in Pacific



- Japón

• Pese a la declaración del primer ministro Abe ante el COI de que la situación de la planta nuclear de Fukushima está bajo control, Japón y Tokio están contaminados de forma masiva, TEPCO no sabe dónde se encuentran las toneladas de corium fundido y no tienen un plan claro para controlar el desastre. El ingeniero nuclear Arnold Gundersen testificó ante la Comisión Reguladora Nuclear de EE.UU. en marzo de 2012 que las muestras que tomó en Tokio en las aceras, parques infantiles, etc, todas ellas serían consideradas residuo nuclear en EEUU: Tokyo’s Radiation Olympics - EnviroReporter.com



- Contaminación radiactiva en Japón



• El grupo de ciudadanos de Tokio del Proyecto de Defensa de la radiación tomaron muestras de suelo cerca de sus propias casas y las llevaron al Instituto de Investigación de Isótopos con sede en Yokohama. La muestra que el señor Hayashida recogió debajo de los arbustos cerca del campo de béisbol en el barrio Edogawa mide cerca de 138.000 Bq/m2 de cesio 137, que pueden dañar las células y conducir a un mayor riesgo de cáncer. De las 132 zonas analizadas, 22 estuvieron por encima de 37.000 Bq/m2, el nivel en el que se consideraron las zonas contaminadas de Chernobyl: The Silver Bear Cafe




- Desvelando las mentiras y la propaganda nuclear

• La declaración de Tepco contradice la declaración oficial del primer ministro japonés Abe al COI. Abe al COI "El agua contaminada está completamente bloqueada" → Tepco dijo en rueda de prensa el 9/9/2013:"el tritio no puede ser bloqueado": JP PM Abe to IOC “Contaminated water is completely blocked” . En el tras*curso de la rueda de prensa el portavoz de TEPCO declaró que interrogarían al gobierno japonés sobre la afirmación del primer ministro. Eso significa que el sr. Abe sabe más que TEPCO sobre la situación de la central de Fukushima: Tepco inquired JP Gov about PM Abe’s statement to IOC “Contaminated water is entirely blocked” | Fukushima Diary
• Japan Times: ¿El primer ministro miente? Los expertos dicen que el material Nuclear " brota en el Pacífico más allá de la bahía artificial". TEPCO reconoció que el agua subterránea de la central brota más allá de la escollera. Pescador de Fukushima: "Tiene que ser una broma ... no sabe lo que está pasando": http://enenews.com/japn-times-prime...ushima-fisherman-he-must-be-kidding-he-doesnt
• THE ASAHI SHIMBUN pone en duda las declaraciones del primer ministro Abe, porque se detectaron 68 becquerelios de tritio por litro de agua de mar de la muestra en la entrada del puerto el 19 de agosto, lo que sugiere que los materiales radiactivos se han extendido fuera del puerto: Doubt cast on Abe
• Abe tiene que cumplir con su seguridad nuclear lo que ha prometido al mundo . Toshimitsu Konno, un pescador en Soma (prefectura de Fukushima) está enojado por los comentarios de Abe en la asamblea general del COI. "Tiene que estar bromeando. Hemos estado atormentados por el agua radiactiva precisamente porque la planta nuclear no ha sido controlada”: EDITORIAL: Abe needs to deliver on his nuclear safety promises to the world - AJW by The Asahi Shimbun
• Frente a las declaraciones del primer ministro de Japón Shinzo Abe ante el COI diciendo que la contaminación de Fukushima no ha hecho ningún daño a Tokio y el agua radiactiva en la central fue "bloqueada”, ofrecemos una serie de datos que demuestran lo contrario. Japan Prime Minister’s Fiction vs. Fact: Fukushima contamination has never done any damage to Tokyo; Radioactive water at plant was “blocked” — Study: Tokyo was contaminated — Experts: Radioactive water is constantly flo

1º Primeramente enlaces a las declaraciones del primer ministro Abe: Cities plead their cases for 2020 Games, vote looms | GlobalPost , Japan Plans Ice Wall To Surround Damaged Nuclear Plant | Minnesota Public Radio News

2º Selección de informes archivados sobre contaminación en Tokio:

- La Peor pluma radioactiva de Fukushima voló sobre Tokio del 14 al 15 de marzo - grandes fracciones de cesio radiactivo cayeron en tierra. Worst radiation plume from Fukushima was blown over Tokyo on March 14-15 — “This was the main deposition event over Japan for the entire disaster” — Large fractions of cesium fell on land
-"Realmente preocupante": 1000 microSv dosis tiroidea al sur de Tokio sobre un período de diez horas el 14 de marzo informó la Marina de los EE.UU. “Really troubling” wind shift said NRC: 1,000 microSv thyroid dose south of Tokyo over ten hour period on Mar. 14 reported US Navy — 300km from Fukushima — “This reminds me of the drill”
- Informe: El alcalde dice que los ciudadanos de Tokio fueron irradiados
Report: Mayor says Tokyo citizens were irradiated -NHK
- NHK Se encuentran en Tokio altos niveles de material radiactivo - 170.000 Bq / kg de encontrados en la guano encontrados en Fukushima High levels of radioactive material found in Tokyo — 170,000 Bq/kg in slag approaches levels found in Fukushima
- El yodo radiactivo que se encuentra en la leche materna, cerca de Tokio - progenitora del bebé de 8 meses tiene 980 pCi / kg
Radioactive iodine found in breast milk near Tokyo — Mother of 8-month old baby has 980 pCi/kg
- Primer Ministro de Japón estudia la creación de una "capital alternativa" lejos de Tokio
Japan Prime Minister to study setting up “alternative capital” away from Tokyo
- Tokyo agua potable para los niños: Funcionarios - Gobierno distribuyen agua embotellada Tokyo drinking water unsafe for infants: Officials — Government distributing bottled water
- Documento de la ONU: "Habría un riesgo alrededor de la parte oriental de Japón" - 60 horas de emisiones que soplan del suroeste de Tokio pronosticado en marzo pasado UN document: "There would be a hazard around eastern part of Japan" — 60 hours of emissions blowing southwest over Tokyo forecasted last March
- El viento soplaba desde Fukushima a Tokio el día que el reactor N º 3 explotó - nube de radiación llegó al sur de Shizuoka, el 14 de marzo (MAP)
Wind blew from Fukushima to Tokyo on day Reactor No. 3 exploded — Radiation cloud reached south of Shizuoka on March 14 (MAP)
- El mapa del Gobierno de EE.UU. muestra que las partículas radiactivas tomaron ruta directa a Tokio después de que el reactor nº 3 explotó
US gov’t map shows radioactive particles took direct route to Tokyo after Reactor No. 3 exploded
- EE.UU. Gov't: contaminación generalizada en todo el norte de Japón, incluyendo Tokio - "se requeriría Toda la región se deben contabilizar como área radiológica"http://enenews.com/govt-widespread-contamination-northern-japan-including-tokyo-entire-region-be-required-be-posted-radiological-area
- Estudio: En la embajada canadiense en Tokio se midieron 225.000 Bq / m² - muy por encima del límite establecido para las zonas de control de radiación Study: Fukushima fallout at Canadian embassy in Tokyo was 225,000 Bq/m² — Far in excess of limit set for radiation control zones




- Salud y población en relación a la contaminación radiactiva


• Los niños Japoneses ingieren partículas de las barras de combustible en Fukushima? Experto: La sustancia de color "muy probablemente contiene el combustible nuclear quemado concentrado" (VIDEO). Es muy homogénea y uniforme cuando se mira a través del microscopio. Y no aparece por los suelos circundantes. Es mucho más intensamente radiactivo que cualquier otro suelo o el polvo de la muestra que hemos recibido de alrededor de Fukushima Daiichi. Así que este material es diferente. La muestra tenía niveles bastante altos de radio 226. El Radio 226 es un producto de degradación del uranio y en realidad no podemos detectar el uranio directamente. [...] Y esto me dice que esta partícula contiene no sólo los productos de desecho de fisión del reactor, pero muy probablemente contiene un combustible nuclear quemado concentrado. Dos enlaces: Japan kids ingesting pieces of Fukushima fuel rods? Expert: Mystery black substance “very likely contains concentrated unburned nuclear fuel” (VIDEO) y Japan's Black Dust, with Marco Kaltofen | Fairewinds Energy Education



- Documentación

• Una nueva metodología para la reconstrucción de una velocidad de liberación inestable de un contaminante atmosférico, sobre la base de modelos de dispersión de tras*porte atmosférico y, mediciones de la concentración, y técnicas de búsqueda estocásticos. La metodología se aplica para reconstruir la velocidad de liberación de radiación para el accidente de Fukushima del 2011: Source Term Estimation for the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Accident - Springer



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Japan must get ready to release Fukushima water into the sea: U.S. adviser | Reuters

Japan must get ready to release Fukushima water into the sea: U.S. adviser

By Kevin Krolicki and James Topham

TOKYO | Fri Sep 13, 2013 12:39pm BST

(Reuters) - Japan should begin preparing to release a massive tide of water from the wrecked Fukushima nuclear plant into the Pacific Ocean, once it regains public trust and can confirm the water has only low levels of radiation, a U.S. adviser to the plant's operator said on Friday.

Lake Barrett, a former head of the Department of Energy's Office of Civilian Nuclear Waste Management, spent nearly a decade at the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and led the clean-up operations after the 1979 partial meltdown at the Three Mile Island nuclear plant. He has been brought in by Tokyo Electric Power (Tepco) to advise it on the lengthy decommissioning process at Fukushima.

He said work should begin now to pump groundwater from the plant before it reaches wrecked reactors - a measure that has been stalled by local opposition.

"They should start pumping as soon as practical," said Barrett, adding that groundwater would have to be released into the sea along with water that had been treated to remove most radiation - by a system designed by Toshiba Corp.

"I believe in a matter of a few months ... early next year ... water will be cleaned up and be ready to be discharged," he said in an interview.

But Barrett, who has said he would feed his grandchildren fish caught off the Fukushima coast if the clean-up proceeds as planned, said Tepco has lost its credibility to reassure a jittery public. "When Tepco says: 'trust me, this water is safe,' that's not enough," he said.

Barrett toured the Fukushima plant on Thursday and met Tepco's president Naomi Hirose, part of an effort by the utility and Japan's government to show they are ***owing through on a pledge to take control of irradiated water leaks at Fukushima.

Tepco has been battling to contain a tide of contaminated water at the plant, which suffered reactor meltdowns after the station was crippled by a massive 2011 earthquake and tsunami.

"NOW IS THE TIME"

The utility is pumping 400 tonnes of highly radioactive water out of the reactor buildings' wrecked basements every day, treating it to remove most radiation and storing the water in hundreds of makeshift tanks around the plant. Some 330,000 tons of contaminated water - enough to fill more than 130 Olympic swimming pools - has been pumped into storage pits and above-ground tanks at the facility.

Tepco plans to more than double the storage capacity of tanks at Fukushima by 2016, but doesn't have a plan beyond that. At least one tank has sprung a leak.

Tepco has tried to win local support for a "bypass" that would route groundwater around the plant and into the sea, reducing the amount of contaminated water that must be treated and stored. Local fishermen oppose the plan and have delayed its implementation.

Barrett said Japan's consensus-style of decision making risked delaying a practical step that would allow Tepco to focus on more critical problems.

"My sense is that they're hesitant to do this because it's a burden for the Japanese people, a burden for the fishermen, so maybe we'll just continue with more tanks," he said. "But you're just delaying the problem. Now is the time to deal with it."

Barrett said he urged Hirose to make Tepco more open to expertise from overseas. Foreign contractors and consultants have been largely excluded from the clean-up.

"I recommend they integrate foreign expertise within the Japanese system," he said. "It's something where they know they have to do better."

He said concerns raised by South Korea and China over the continued leaks of radiated water at Fukushima "political posturing."

"This is healthwise a big nothing," he said.

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Tepco Adviser Promoted Fukushima Water Dump to Ocean in Op-Ed - Bloomberg

Pero ojo que ya no tienen problemas en reconocer que los tres reactores tienen núcleos fundidos (y dentro de poco reconocerán abiertamente que han perdido contención):
Ex-US Regulator: Fukushima Cleanup Complicated - ABC News

Ex-US Regulator: Fukushima Cleanup Complicated

TOKYO September 13, 2013 (AP)
By MARI YAMAGUCHI Associated Press
Associated Press

A former U.S. nuclear regulator says cleaning up Japan's wrecked Fukushima plant is a bigger challenge than the work he led at Three Mile Island and that ongoing radioactive water leaks are a minor part of that task.

Lake Barrett was appointed this month by plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Co. as an outside adviser for the decades-long decommissioning process. He led the Three Mile Island accident cleanup for nearly a decade as part of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

He said that the meltdowns in three of the reactors, massive radiation leaks and the volume of contaminated water at the Fukushima Dai-ichi plant, on Japan's northeast coast, make it a more complicated clean-up.

"In comparison to Three Mile Island, Fukushima is much more challenging, much more complex a job," Barrett told a Tokyo news conference.

Compared to the magnitude of that task, the leakage problem is a "very low health impact and not a concern," he told The Associated Press in an exclusive interview later Friday. The attention on the contaminated water leaks is "out of proportion," and is hurting the overall cleanup process by slowing things down, he told the AP.

The 1979 core melt accident at Three Mile Island involved one reactor. All the radioactivity was contained in one building, where 8,000 tons of contaminated water were trapped.

In Fukushima, the catastrophe was precipitated by a massive earthquake and tsunami, whose aftermath are further adding to the difficulties of containing and cleaning up after the meltdowns of the three reactors. Moreover, buildings at the Japanese plant were destroyed or damaged by hydrogen explosions, which released massive radioactive elements into the air and to the sea.

Japanese officials have acknowledged that radioactive ground water has been leaking from the plant since soon after the nuclear disaster. Recent leaks from storage tanks holding radioactive water have added to the concerns.

But despite worries over the massive quantities of water needed to cool the melted reactors, the risk of radiation-contaminated water to public health is minimal, Barrett said.

Improved communication would help calm those antiestéticars, which likely persist since huge amounts of radiation-tainted water will have to be released into the Pacific after it is processed to bring it below legal limits.

TEPCO on Thursday acknowledged that samples of underground water from near a tank where a major leak occurred last month showed high levels of radioactive tritium.

Massive amounts of contaminated water — a combination of water leaking from the three damaged reactors and inflows of underground water — have also accumulated inside reactor and turbine basements and threaten to leak into the Pacific.

The most toxic water gathers in the basements, Barrett said, but it is so far "adequately controlled."

The Nuclear Regulation Authority has estimated the amount of that water at a hefty 90,000 tons and urged TEPCO on Thursday to quickly increase anti-leak measures to the basements to minimize the risk of the highly toxic water spreading.

Hours before the Sept. 7 vote by the International Olympic Committee awarded Tokyo the hosting rights for the 2020 games, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe emphatically declared that the leaks were under control.

The government has promised to become more directly involved in the plant's water management and to fund costly projects to contain the leaks.

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