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La nicotina tiene unos efectos noortropicos muy buenos
Yo creo que todo esto de mezclarla con el tabaco y demonizarlo es una estrategia para mantenernos estultoes
Yo creo que todo esto de mezclarla con el tabaco y demonizarlo es una estrategia para mantenernos estultoes
When it comes to improving brain function, nicotine is king. There are quite a few benefits from nicotine that you might not be aware of.
Note: By writing this post, we are not recommending this drug. Some of our readers who were already taking the drug requested that we commission a post on it, and we are simply providing information that is available in the scientific literature. Please discuss your medications with your doctor.
What is Nicotine?
Nicotine, a potent nootropic, is a naturally occurring liquid alkaloid found in many plants of the nightshade family.
Tomatoes, potatoes, eggplant, and tobacco all contain nicotine; although for humans, tobacco is the only plant containing significant enough quantities to have an effect (R).
Nicotine has recently been under the scope of research examining its beneficial role in ADHD, anxiety disorders, depression, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, dementia, and even cognitive performance in the general population.
**This post is not suggesting to take up smoking as a means for nicotine consumption.
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The Good
Contrary to common opinion, nicotine is not a carcinogenic substance, but it may be a ‘tumor promoter’ for some kinds of tumors (R).
While tobacco is quite addictive (R, R2), animal models indicate that nicotine on its own is much less addictive than tobacco (R).
Levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin all increase with nicotine usage(R).
Nicotine stimulates the growth of new blood vessels and increases the number of red blood cells (R).
Growing new blood vessels can help your health and brain function, but it can also promote tumors, even if it doesn’t cause cancer itself. Therefore, when it comes to cancer, nicotine is somewhat like IGF-1.
1-4) Nicotine Increases Wakefulness, Motivation, Alertness and Creativity
Nicotine is capable of significantly changing the electrical activity in the brain (R, R2).
Nicotine puts users into an alpha brainwave state, which is characterized by effortless alertness, attention, and creativity (R, R2, R3).
Nicotine also increases wakefulness, mood, and motivation via activating orexin.
Nicotine increases activity across both hemispheres of the brain, also known as bilateral neocortical activation (this is a good thing) (R).
Nicotine improves brain activity in users by enhancing activation in areas associated with visual attention, arousal, and motor activation (R).
Nicotine increases activity in the ***owing regions of the brain: parietal cortex, thalamus, caudate, and occipital cortex (R).
5-7) Nicotine Improves Attention, Memory and Fine Motor Skills
Nicotine has been proven to benefit the brain in the ***owing areas:
Fine Motor Skills
Alerting attention – accuracy and response time
Orienting attention – accuracy and response time
Short-term memory – accuracy
Long-term memory – accuracy
Working memory – accuracy and response time (R)
Nicotine helps to consolidate learned information in the brain (R).
It improves immediate and long-term memory in human and animal models (R).
Nicotine has been found to improve performance on attention-related tasks and is capable of increasing processing speed for complex tasks (R, R2)
Nicotine significantly boosts cognitive performance by activating the occipital and parietal cortices, which are the command centers for sustained attention and visual processing tasks (R, R2)
Nicotine improves multitasking ability by enhancing executive function, through its modulation of multiple brain networks and tras*mitter systems (R).
Part of the mechanism of memory enhancement might be from nicotine increasing vasopressin in people (R).
8) Nicotine Can Help with ADHD
Nicotine can significantly reduce the severity of clinical symptoms in patients with ADHD (R).
Nicotine has been shown to increase vigor, quicken reaction time, increase attention and accuracy in non-smoking ADHD patients (R).
Nicotine caused a significant decrease in self-reported depression in ADHD (R).
A nicotine patch may be helpful for ADHD patients with anxiety and depression who are going through withdrawal and wanting to stay Tobacco-free (R).
9) Nicotine Acts as a Neuroprotective
There are several mechanisms through which nicotine acts as a neuroprotective:
Through estrogen blocking (‘anti-estrogenic effects’)
Reducing inflammation (regulates prostaglandin production: prostanoids promote or restrain acute inflammation)
Stimulation of nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the brain (R).
10-11) Nicotine is a Preventative and Treatment for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s
Research on nicotine and neurodegenerative diseases stemmed from the realization that there is a decreased rate of Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases in smokers (R, R2).
Nicotine has potential in treating patients with Alzheimer’s (R).
Nicotine patches have been proven to treat cognitive impairments associated with Alzheimer’s, schizophrenia, and ADHD (R, R2).
Nicotine in individuals with Parkinson’s may protect against neural damage and improve both cognitive performance and motor abilities (R, R2).
When taking nicotine, Parkinson’s patients show an increased processing speed of more complex tasks (R).
Animal research models showed nicotine protected against brain damage in dopaminergic pathways typically associated with Parkinson’s (R).
Nicotine, acting on Nicotinic receptors has a beneficial influence on the brain which plays a role in the development of movement and degenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Tourette’s (R, R2, R3, R4).
It is suggested that it is through nicotine’s stimulation of nAChR (nicotinic acetylcholine receptors) it prevents age-related, and neurodegenerative mental decline (R, R2, R3).
In patients suffering from Alzheimer’s, nicotine is thought to maximize the use of dwindling nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Nicotine minimizes the effect of this deficit (R, R2).
12) Nicotine is an Anti-inflammatory
Nicotine, indirectly through vagal nerve pathways, acts as a suppressor of inflammation (also known as the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (R, R2).
Nicotine lessens cells’ responsiveness to the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α (R).
Nicotine reduces IL-2 (Th1 cytokine) and TNF-α production by human blood cells (R).
In healthy mice, Nicotine decreases IL-1ß and TNF-α concentrations in colonic tissue (R).
Nicotine reduces IL-8 in patients with active ulcerative colitis (R).
Nicotinic receptor activators are being explored for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (R).
Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) decrease nicotinic receptors (α7 nAChRs) in the mouse brain, exacerbating chronic inflammation, beta-amyloid accumulation and episodic memory decline, which mimics the early stages of Alzheimer’s (R).
This is perhaps why people who get infections (like CIRS people) often suffer from symptoms that resemble low levels of acetylcholine.
13) Nicotine May Reduce Pain
In one small study of women conducted after gynecological surgery, those given access to morphine + nicotine scored their pain at much lower levels than women given morphine + placebo (R).
14) Nicotine Helps the Gut
Smoking decreased susceptibility to Crohn’s disease, Ulcerative colitis, and other inflammatory bowel diseases. Clinical evidence suggests that nicotine is responsible for this difference (R, R2)
Nicotine is protective in ulcerative colitis by reducing inflammation in the gut barrier, which is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel disease (R).
The use of Nicotine patches for 4-6 weeks resulted in clinical improvement in Ulcerative colitis (R).
Studies show that nicotine prevents the development of ulcerative colitis in healthy individuals, but relapse prevention is less effective with nicotine treatment (R, R2).
Nicotine enhances the protection of the intestinal mucosa by increasing the thickness of mucus in the colon (R).
A dose of 5 mg nicotine (+ carbomer) in a 100ml liquid enema, is a therapeutic additive to conventional therapy in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (R).
Nicotine increases acid and pepsin secretions, gut motility and bile secretion (R).
Another study showed that Nicotine can slow the tras*it time from ingesting food to bowel movements (R). But my experience is that it makes me go to the bathroom
Another study mentions that Nicotine delays the emptying of contents in the stomach (R).
An increase in nicotine blood levels is directly related to a decrease in blood flow in the rectum (this can be a good thing) (R).
15-16) Nicotine Helps in Weight and Insulin Control
Nicotine has been shown to suppress appetite and reduce obesity (R).
Nicotine activates POMC neurons, which then go on to activate the melanocortin MC4R receptors. This increases metabolism and decreases hunger (R).
Through anti-inflammatory pathways, nicotine indirectly decreases obesity by reducing chronic low-grade inflammation – a key antiestéticature of obesity (R).
Nicotine significantly improves blood sugar balance and insulin sensitivity in both genetically obese and diet-induced obese mice (R).
17) Nicotine Helps Repair Tissue
Low concentrations of topically applied nicotine promote wound healing (R, R2).
This can be done with a Nicotine patch.
Nicotine stimulates the systems in the body that increases the growth of tissues and blood vessel capillaries (vasculogenesis and angiogenesis) (R).
In some cases, nicotine is able to repair damage to blood vessels and increase blood circulation, speeding up healing (R).
18) Nicotine Can Help with Schizophrenia
Nicotine can improve cognitive related symptoms in those suffering from schizophrenia (R).
Nicotine is believed to help to stabilize chaotic dopaminergic activity, improving overall functionality among those with schizophrenia (R, R2)
If you are schizophrenic, you will be more likely to smoke than not. 80% of schizophrenics smoke compared to 25% of the general population (R).
Schizophrenics may be more genetically predisposed to the beneficial effects of nicotine on the brain, and it has been suggested that smoking in schizophrenia may be a form of self-medication in an attempt to treat the underlying disease (R, R2, R3)
19) Nicotine Can help with Tourette’s Syndrome
Nicotine is viewed as a complement to the traditional drugs used to treat Tourette’s (R, R2).
Nicotine gum was found to enhance the efficacy of Tourette’s treatment drugs by reducing involuntary-movement symptoms of Tourette’s syndrome (R).
Nicotine patches were superior to a placebo in reducing behavioral symptoms of Tourette’s syndrome when used in combination with treatment drug haloperidol (R).
Administration of 2 mg nicotine gum or 7 mg nicotine patches enhances the therapeutic properties of neuroleptic drugs (R).
This effect of reducing behavioral symptoms continues even after the drug doses are halved, and the nicotine patch had been discontinued (R).
Nicotine patches improve attention and behavior in children and adolescents with Tourette’s syndrome (R).
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