JuanJoseRuiz
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Chile is a multiethnic society,[12] home to people of many different ethnic backgrounds. Studies on the ethnic structure of Chile vary significantly from one another. Almost all people have varying degrees of ancestors from European and Native American population. A public health book from the University of Chile (currently inaccessible) states that 65% of the population is of Caucasian origin with less than 50% native American ancestry; Castizos/Mestizos with an average 40% Caucasian ancestry and 60% Native American ancestry are estimated to amount a total of 30%, while Native Americans (Amerindians) comprise the remaining 5%.[13]
UNAM professor of Latin American studies, Francisco Lizcano, in his social research estimates that a predominant 52.7% of the Chilean population can be classified as culturally European, with an estimated 44% as Mestizo.[14] Albeit this is an estimation based on cultural aspects. Other social studies put the total amount of Whites at over 60 percent.[15] Some publications, such as the CIA World Factbook, state that the entire population consist of a combined 95.4% of "Whites and Mixed-Race people", and 4.6% of Amerindians. These figures are based on a national census held in 2002, which classified the population as indigenous and non-indigenous, rather than as White or Mestizo.[16]
Despite the genetic considerations, many Chileans, if asked, would self-identify as white. However, a study performed in 2014 asked several Chileans about their ethnic self-classification, and then took a DNA test: 37.9% of them self-identified as white, yet the DNA tests showed that the average self-identifying white was genetically only 74% European.[17]
The 2011 Latinobarómetro survey asked respondents in Chile what race they considered themselves to belong to. Most answered "white" (59%), while 25% said "mestizo" and 8% self-classified as "indigenous".[18] A 2002 national poll revealed that a majority of Chileans believed they possessed "some" (43.4%) or "much" (8.3%) indigenous blood, while 40.3% responded that they had none.[19]
Spain was the largest source of European immigration to Chile,[26] since there was never large-scale non-Spanish immigration, as happened in neighboring nations such as Argentina or Uruguay.[27] Therefore, neither have whitened the Chilean population to level of overall percentages.[27] Facts about the amount of the flow of immigration do not coincide with certain national chauvinistic discourse, in which Chile, like Argentina or Uruguay, would have been constituted due to immigration in one of the white Latin American countries, in contrast to what prevails in the rest of South America.[27] However, it is undeniable that immigrants have played a role in Chilean society.
UNAM professor of Latin American studies, Francisco Lizcano, in his social research estimates that a predominant 52.7% of the Chilean population can be classified as culturally European, with an estimated 44% as Mestizo.[14] Albeit this is an estimation based on cultural aspects. Other social studies put the total amount of Whites at over 60 percent.[15] Some publications, such as the CIA World Factbook, state that the entire population consist of a combined 95.4% of "Whites and Mixed-Race people", and 4.6% of Amerindians. These figures are based on a national census held in 2002, which classified the population as indigenous and non-indigenous, rather than as White or Mestizo.[16]
Despite the genetic considerations, many Chileans, if asked, would self-identify as white. However, a study performed in 2014 asked several Chileans about their ethnic self-classification, and then took a DNA test: 37.9% of them self-identified as white, yet the DNA tests showed that the average self-identifying white was genetically only 74% European.[17]
The 2011 Latinobarómetro survey asked respondents in Chile what race they considered themselves to belong to. Most answered "white" (59%), while 25% said "mestizo" and 8% self-classified as "indigenous".[18] A 2002 national poll revealed that a majority of Chileans believed they possessed "some" (43.4%) or "much" (8.3%) indigenous blood, while 40.3% responded that they had none.[19]
Spain was the largest source of European immigration to Chile,[26] since there was never large-scale non-Spanish immigration, as happened in neighboring nations such as Argentina or Uruguay.[27] Therefore, neither have whitened the Chilean population to level of overall percentages.[27] Facts about the amount of the flow of immigration do not coincide with certain national chauvinistic discourse, in which Chile, like Argentina or Uruguay, would have been constituted due to immigration in one of the white Latin American countries, in contrast to what prevails in the rest of South America.[27] However, it is undeniable that immigrants have played a role in Chilean society.
